Discovering the Purple-Leaved Plum Tree: A Guide to Identification and Care

Among the many trees that capture attention with their vibrant colors, the purple-leaved plum tree stands out as a striking specimen. Also known as cherry plum or flowering plum trees, these trees are known for their unique foliage and ease of cultivation in warmer climates.

A Deeper Look into the Purple-Leaved Plum Tree

The purple-leaved plum tree, Prunus cerasifera, is aptly named for its deeply pigmented leaves that turn a purple to burgundy hue as the season progresses. Unlike its better-known red maple (Acer palmatum) and red oak (Quercus rubra) counterparts, the purple plum is not just a seasonal change—it is a year-round unique display.

Identifying the Purple-Leaved Plum Tree

When identifying a purple-leaved plum tree, look for its characteristic purple to dark red foliage, small white to pinkish-white flowers, and harder, small fruits. Here are some key features to help you recognize this tree:

Leaves: The leaves are typically ovoid to oblong, ranging in size from 2 to 4 inches. They are a deep purple to almost black hue, with some varieties displaying brighter hues of red and bronze. Flowers: In the spring, the tree is adorned with small, white to pinkish-white flowers that form in clusters. These flowers are often quite distinctive and can add a splash of color to your garden. Fruit: The small, hard fruits are typically round or oval-shaped, about 1/4 inch in diameter. While these are not edible for humans, they attract wildlife such as birds, small mammals and even wildlife like foxes and raccoons.

Common Misidentifications

It's important to note that the purple-leaved plum tree is often mistaken for other trees with similar foliage. Some common misidentifications include:

While the Japanese maple also has dark red foliage, its leaves are typically palmate and have a more delicate shape. Red Oak (Quercus rubra): The red oak has a distinctly different leaf shape and tends to have a reddish hue only during the fall. Its bark is also much rougher compared to the smooth bark of the purple-leaved plum tree. Smoke Tree (Cotinus coggygria): While the 'Grace' cultivar has purple foliage, its leaves are smooth and resemble those of a maple. The purple plum tree has distinctly different flower characteristics.

Benefits and Drawbacks of Purple-Leaved Plum Trees

Like all living things, the purple-leaved plum tree has its benefits and drawbacks. Here’s what to expect:

Benefits:

Ornamental Value: Despite the potential fruit drop, the purple-leaved plum tree is often chosen for its ornamental value. Its purple leaves can be a striking focal point in a garden or landscape. Attracting Wildlife: Its fruit is a valuable food source for birds and small mammals, making it a great addition to a wildlife-friendly garden. Drought Tolerance: Once established, purple-leaved plum trees can withstand periods of drought, making them a low-maintenance option for landscapers.

Drawbacks:

Fruit Drop: While the tree's fruit can be a benefit to wildlife, it can also be a nuisance for homeowners. Regular fruit drop can be problematic in walkways or patios. Invasive Potential: Due to the small seeds left behind by wildlife, these trees can spread and potentially become invasive in some areas. Health Issues: Purple-leaved plum trees are susceptible to several diseases and pests, including black knot, leaf spot, die back, leaf curl, powdery mildew, root rot, and fireblight. They are also prone to attacks from pests like borers, aphids, scale, leafhoppers, caterpillars, tent caterpillars, Japanese beetles, and spider mites.

Conclusion

The purple-leaved plum tree, while unique and visually appealing, requires careful consideration due to its potential drawbacks. Understanding these trees and their characteristics can help in making informed decisions about whether they are the right fit for your landscape or garden. Whether you are an experienced gardener or a beginner, knowing about these trees can enhance your appreciation for the beautiful world of horticulture.