The Role of PhD in Academic Progression: Promoted from Associate to Full Professor

The traditional pathway to becoming a full professor in academia often requires a PhD. However, exceptions can be made for individuals with significant accomplishments in fields outside of traditional academia, such as ex-ambassadors or fine arts professionals. In the typical academic journey, having a PhD is almost a necessity for promotion to full professor.

Traditional Requirements for Academic Progression

In most academic disciplines, a PhD remains a core requirement for promotion from assistant to associate and ultimately to full professor. This is due to the extensive knowledge, research skills, and academic rigor that are necessitated in the pursuit of research-based degrees. Even outside fine arts, where avant-garde achievements might be recognized, a PhD is often the gold standard for demonstrating expertise and advancing academic careers.

A Case in Point: My Experience in 1972

While there are instances where an assistant professor might get lucky and secure an interim position despite not having a PhD, particularly in niche or urgently needed subject areas, the route to becoming an associate professor typically involves obtaining a PhD. This was my experience in 1972, when I was fortunate enough to get a temporary position due to strong recommendations and the need for a particular course. However, it was only after obtaining a PhD that I could consider further advancement to associate and eventually full professor.

Industries and Terminal Degrees

It is important to note that the necessity of a PhD can vary depending on the field of study. In creative fields such as fine arts, MFA (Master of Fine Arts) degrees are sometimes sufficient for promotion to full professor. Similarly, in professional degrees such as law, business, and music, a terminal degree in a related field might suffice. Each university has its own set of criteria, but generally, a terminal degree in a relevant area is often deemed necessary.

Universities and Their Criteria

Universities have varying standards, but many require a terminal degree in the relevant field. For example, a law school might require a JD (Juris Doctor), a business school might require an MBA (Master of Business Administration), and a music department might need a DMA (Doctor of Musical Arts) or PhD. These degrees indicate not only advanced knowledge but also the ability to contribute significantly to the field through research, teaching, and service.

Research is a crucial component of academic careers, and it often requires a university-affiliated doctoral program to provide the necessary resources, mentorship, and time for extensive research. Without a PhD, many academic positions, including full professorships, may be out of reach. However, there are notable exceptions for individuals with extraordinary achievements, such as distinguished former diplomats or avant-garde artists.

Wrapping Up: Navigating the Academic Ladder

In summary, a PhD is generally required for academic progression to full professorship. However, universities recognize exceptional cases and may allow for alternative paths, particularly in creative fields like fine arts. It is crucial for aspiring academics to understand the specific requirements of their institutions and to pursue the necessary degrees and qualifications to achieve their career goals.

Conclusion

Beyond the requirements, the journey to becoming a full professor is not just about having a PhD; it is about contributing significantly to your field. This can be through superior research, teaching, and service—whether a PhD is in hand or not. The road to becoming a full professor is indeed challenging but attainable for those willing to invest the time, effort, and dedication required.