The Linguistic Diversity of Sign Languages and Their International Status

For those who are unaware, it is often claimed that sign languages are a single, unified form of communication among the deaf community. However, this misconception needs to be clarified. Sign languages are actually a diverse and rich linguistic phenomenon, with each country or region having its own unique sign language. This article aims to explore the linguistic diversity of sign languages and the reasons why there is no such thing as an international sign language.

Understanding Sign Languages

Sign language, like any spoken language, is a system of symbols used for communication. It is unique to each culture and community, including the deaf community. Sign languages are not mere translations of spoken languages but rather have their own grammatical and syntactical structures, as well as a vast vocabulary and rich expression.

The National Sign Languages

Perhaps the most famous and widely recognized national sign languages are American Sign Language (ASL) and British Sign Language (BSL). ASL is used primarily in the United States and parts of Canada, while BSL is the primary sign language used in the United Kingdom. Both languages are distinct from each other and from spoken English or British English. Similarly, there are numerous other national sign languages that are spoken in different parts of the world, such as French Sign Language (LSF), Sign Language of the Netherlands (NGT), and Sign Language of Israel (TSI).

The Uniqueness of Each Sign Language

The uniqueness of each national sign language is due to several reasons. These languages are not simply a literal translation of a spoken language but a complete linguistic system that includes vocabulary, grammar, syntax, and expressions. Sign languages, like any language, are subject to the laws of linguistic evolution and change, influenced by the socio-cultural context and the people who use them.

For example, ASL has a different phonology and syntax compared to English. ASL uses a sign bank that is not directly derived from English or any other spoken language. Similarly, BSL has distinct characteristics that differ significantly from ASL. These differences can be attributed to the unique history, cultural background, and linguistic needs of the deaf communities in these regions.

Why No International Sign Language?

Given the diversity and uniqueness of sign languages, the concept of an international sign language is often a misconception. An international sign language would imply a single, unified system that could be used across different countries and regions with the same understanding and consistency. However, this is not feasible due to the differences in the linguistic structures, syntax, and cultural contexts of these languages.

One of the primary reasons why an international sign language is not feasible is the inherent differences in grammar and syntax. Each national sign language has its own way of expressing ideas, which can make a direct translation challenging. For instance, ASL and BSL have different approaches to sign sequence, punctuation, and tonal conventions, which can significantly impact the way ideas are communicated.

International Sign: A Different Concept

It is important to note that while there is no international sign language, there is a concept called “International Sign”. International Sign, or often referred to as ISS (International Signed System), is a simplified form of communication used in international settings such as conferences or meetings. It is designed to facilitate basic communication between people who do not share a common sign language. However, even International Sign is not a fully developed language but a mix of elements from different sign languages, with some rules and symbols placed in a consistent manner.

Implications and Benefits

The recognition of linguistic diversity and the lack of a widely accepted international sign language has important implications for the inclusion and support of the deaf community. It underscores the need for sign language to be treated as a legitimate language with its own status and respect. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of bilingual and multilingual education for deaf individuals, as well as the development of resources and support systems that cater to the specific needs of different sign language communities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the notion of a single, unified international sign language is myth. Sign languages, including ASL and BSL, are vibrant linguistic systems unique to their respective cultures and communities. The existence of these distinct languages reflects the rich tapestry of sign language diversity and the complexity of deaf communication. Recognizing and embracing this diversity is essential for ensuring the linguistic rights and cultural identities of the deaf community. Whether it’s through promoting international sign or supporting the development of national sign languages, the goal should be to foster a more inclusive and diverse sign language community.