The Balance of Show and Tell: Why Context Matters in Fiction Writing

While the adage show, don't tell is often invoked in creative writing circles, it is important to reevaluate its application. This phrase, often misunderstood, can sometimes be regarded as a one-size-fits-all solution. However, the importance of showing and not telling lies in choosing the right technique to serve the narrative context and pacing of a story.

Reevaluating 'Show, Don't Tell'

Typically, the concept of show, don't tell is interpreted as demonstrating rather than explaining. For instance, rather than simply stating that a character is afraid of spiders, the writer might describe their reaction when they encounter one. This approach can create a vivid and visceral experience for the reader. However, not all aspects of storytelling benefit from showing.

Perfecting showing and not telling involves understanding the appropriate use of each technique. Each serves a unique purpose, and their effective combination can elevate a narrative. Seeing this in practice requires a nuanced approach to both dramatizing events and narrating the connective tissue of the story.

When to Tell, Not Show

While it is essential to show pivotal moments, it is equally important to tell when necessary. This allows the reader to catch their breath and ensures the story remains engaging. In the example of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Hobbit, when the dwarves and Bilbo are searching for the secret door in the Lonely Mountain, the author chooses to narrate this process rather than meticulously depict every moment. Doing so maintains reader engagement and allows the narrative to advance without overwhelming the reader.

Telling can serve multiple purposes. It can provide context, advance the plot, and introduce themes or motifs without overly bogging down the narrative. For instance, summarizing a journey or explaining a historical event can be done effectively through narration, as long as it maintains the reader's interest. This technique can also be used to create a smooth transition between scenes, ensuring the story flows logically and coherently.

Mastering the Art of Balance

Every story has its unique rhythm, and the right balance of showing and telling can significantly impact the storytelling experience. Understanding when to show and when to tell requires a deep knowledge of the narrative, pacing, and character development. For example, in a hypothetical fantasy novel, if a battle has just concluded, directly transitioning into the aftermath without narrating the journey might be too fast. Instead, a brief summary or explanation can help the reader catch their breath while still advancing the plot.

Example: After a major battle, narrating that "Three weeks later, they returned to the capital, where all ships had been impounded due to the murder of the late Duke," provides context for the reader's next set of challenges, while also maintaining a logical flow.

Consider Jack Bickham's Scene and Structure, which proposes a method for structuring each scene and its aftermath. By incorporating a pause and review phase, where the protagonist reflects on the events and forms a plan of action, you can maintain the balance between showing and telling. This approach ensures that the narrative remains engaging without overwhelming the reader with too much detail.

Practice and Refinement

Mastering the art of showing and not telling is a skill developed through practice. Authors must carefully consider the narrative context and the reader's experience. A skilled writer can weave this technique seamlessly into their work, creating a cohesive and engaging story. Whether you are describing a character's emotions or narrating the events of a journey, the key is to understand the role of each technique and use them wisely.

Ultimately, the balance of showing and telling is about choosing the appropriate technique for the moment in the narrative. By doing so, you can create a rich and immersive reading experience that captivates your audience.

Further Reading

Scene and Structure by Jack Bickham Readings on narrative techniques in Herman Melville's Moby Dick for a deeper understanding of how masterful storytelling can be both explicit and implicit. The works of authors like Virginia Woolf and Giovanni Boccaccio for insight into the use of detailed descriptions versus concise narration.

Tip: Experiment with different techniques to find what works best for your story. Don't be afraid to mix showing and telling to create a balanced and compelling narrative.

By understanding the balance between showing and telling, you can enhance the depth and richness of your storytelling, making your narrative both engaging and memorable.