How Mutually Intelligible is American Sign Language with Other English-Based Sign Languages?
While American Sign Language (ASL) shares some mutual intelligibility with other English-based sign languages, the extent of intelligibility varies significantly. This article explores the varying levels of mutual intelligibility between ASL and other sign languages, with a focus on British Sign Language (BSL), Canadian Sign Language (CSL), New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL), and Australian Sign Language (Auslan).
British Sign Language (BSL)
BSL and ASL are not mutually intelligible. The two languages develop independently and have distinct grammatical structures, syntax, and signs, even though they are used in English-speaking countries. BSL's development has been influenced by different cultural and linguistic contexts compared to ASL. This unique development path means that ASL users may find it challenging to understand BSL without additional learning or translation.
Canadian Sign Language (CSL)
ASL is more closely related to CSL, particularly in regions of Canada close to the United States. While there are some overlapping signs and regional similarities, there are also distinct regional signs and variations. ASL users may be able to understand some parts of CSL, but comprehensive mutual intelligibility is limited. CSL retains its unique grammar and vocabulary, making it a distinct language with its own characteristics.
New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL) and Australian Sign Language (Auslan)
NZSL and Auslan share some similarities with ASL due to historical influences and the exchange of signs, but they are distinct languages with their own grammatical and vocabulary structures. Users might find some familiar signs, but overall, mutual intelligibility remains limited. These languages have evolved based on local cultures, languages, and communities, making them unique within the broader English-based sign language family.
Sign Languages in Other Countries
Other countries have their own sign languages: French Sign Language (LSF), German Sign Language (DGS), and many more. These sign languages are not mutually intelligible with ASL. Each sign language has its own unique grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, reflecting the specific cultural, linguistic, and community contexts of their respective regions.
Conclusion
While there may be some overlap in vocabulary and signs among English-based sign languages, ASL is largely distinct from them. The mutual intelligibility between different sign languages is limited, especially when compared to the vastly different grammatical and syntactical structures.
Effective Communication Between Sign Language Users
The best way for users of different sign languages to communicate effectively is often through fingerspelling or the use of international signs. Fingerspelling and international signs provide a universal method of communication, helping to overcome the barriers created by varying sign languages and their mutual intelligibility.