Is it Possible to Become a Full-Time Associate or Full Professor Without Serving as an Assistant Professor First?

It's an unusual path, yet it’s not entirely impossible to become a full-time associate or full professor without first serving as an assistant professor. Instances of this happening are rare, but not unheard of. Some extraordinary professionals who have achieved unparalleled distinction in fields outside academia might bypass conventional pathways.

Direct Appointment to Higher Ranks

In certain circumstances, direct appointments to associate or full professor positions are possible. These instances typically involve candidates with extensive experience and significant accomplishments in industry research or other academic institutions. A robust publication record, substantial grant funding, and notable contributions to their field can be crucial factors. For example, Bruno Bettelheim, a renowned psychologist and educator, reportedly secured a professorship at the University of Chicago after his extensive work at a lumber yard, showcasing an unconventional yet successful path.

Tenure Track with Prior Experience

Some universities adopt a more flexible approach, considering candidates for associate or full professor positions regardless of their previous roles. Tenure-track candidates may have substantial teaching and research experience from outside academia, making them attractive hires. Their contributions and achievements, even if not formalized as assistant professor experiences, can open doors to higher ranks.

Visiting or Adjunct Positions

Individually, those holding visiting or adjunct faculty positions have the opportunity to advance to higher ranks based on their contributions during those roles. These positions often require demonstrated excellence and impact, which can lead to direct promotions. Universities looking for experienced professionals may recognize these contributions and offer permanent positions.

Special Circumstances in High-Demand Fields

In specific fields or institutions, especially those with a high demand for specialists, there may be flexibility in hiring practices. Prior degrees or professional experience, even if not conventional, can be valuable. Institutions in fields like computer science, medicine, or engineering, where expert knowledge is highly valued, might offer direct appointments to higher ranks.

The Typical Academic Career Path

Nonetheless, the most common pathway remains the progression from assistant to associate to full professor. The standard process takes years and requires gradual advancement. Candidates seeking to bypass this path often face additional scrutiny during the hiring process. Universities may look for evidence of consistent and significant contributions to their field, even if the conventional pathway is not followed.

Overall, while it is possible to achieve higher professorial positions without experience as an assistant professor, this path is highly individual and subject to the specific requirements and policies of the institution. Each scenario is unique and reflects the exceptional circumstances and achievements of the individual.