Finding the Equation of a Line Given the X-Intercept and Y-Intercept

Introduction to Line Equations

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Understanding the fundamentals of line equations is crucial in many areas of mathematics and real-world applications. One common scenario involves finding the equation of a line given its x-intercept and y-intercept. In this article, we will explore how to determine the equation of a line when these intercepts are provided, focusing on both the intercept form and the slope-intercept form.

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Intercept Form of the Line Equation

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When given the x-intercept and y-intercept, the intercept form of the equation of a line is particularly useful. The intercept form is defined as:

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(frac{x}{a} frac{y}{b} 1), where a is the x-intercept and b is the y-intercept. Let's apply this to a specific example.

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Given:

" "" "x-intercept a 7," "y-intercept b 15." "" "

Substituting these values into the intercept form, we get:

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(frac{x}{7} frac{y}{15} 1).

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Next, we will convert this equation into the standard form.

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First, multiply through by the least common multiple (LCM) of 7 and 15, which is 105:

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105 * (frac{x}{7} frac{y}{15} 1) becomes:

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15x 7y 105.

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This is now the standard form of the line equation. However, our goal is to present the equation in the slope-intercept form, which is more intuitive for many applications.

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Slope-Intercept Form

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The slope-intercept form of a line equation is given by:

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y mx b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.

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In our case, the y-intercept b is already given as 15. To find the slope m, we use the x-intercept and the y-intercept.

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The points (7, 0) and (0, 15) lie on the line. The slope m can be calculated as the change in y divided by the change in x:

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m (frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}) (frac{15 - 0}{0 - 7}) (-frac{15}{7})

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Substituting the slope and the y-intercept into the slope-intercept form yields:

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y -frac{15}{7}x 15.

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This is the equation of the line in slope-intercept form.

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Conclusion

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As we have demonstrated, the intercept form and slope-intercept form of a line equation can be converted from one to another. The intercept form is particularly useful for direct substitution, while the slope-intercept form provides a more functional representation that is easier to work with in many contexts.

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Understanding these concepts helps in solving a wide range of problems, from basic algebra to more advanced applications in physics and engineering. Whether you are a student, a teacher, or a professional in data analysis, knowing how to find the equation of a line using x-intercept and y-intercept is a valuable skill.